Medical Physiology GIT MCQs

--- ### ****Department of Medical Physiology****Bachelor of Medicine & Surgery****Year 2 End of Semester 1 Exam** #### **Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (Answer All)** - **Which substance will cause smooth muscle relaxation?**a. Secretinb. Gastrinc. Cholecystokinin**d. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)** - **Which does not take part in the stimulation of GI glands?****a. External Stimulus**b. Direct stimulation due to stretchc. Enteric Nervous Systemd. Autonomic system - **Which of the following is the site of secretion of intrinsic factor?**a. Ileumb. Gastric antrum**c. Gastric fundus**d. Duodenum - **Which of the following changes occurs during defecation?**a. External anal sphincter is contractedb. Rectal skeletal muscle is relaxed**c. Internal anal sphincter is relaxed**d. Intra-abdominal pressure is lower than when at rest - **Which of the following produce testosterone?****a. Interstitial cells of Leydig**b. Adrenal cortexc. Adrenal medullad. Anterior pituitary gland - **Which of the following does not occur on presentation of a bolus of solid food to the mouth?**a. Stimulation of taste budsb. Masticationc. Reflex stimulation of salivary glands**d. Stimulation of defecation reflex** - **The salivary secretion:**a. Is stimulated by most GIT hormones, especially gastrinb. Is essential for complete digestion of starchc. Increases more by sweet than by bitter substances**d. Is markedly increased by parasympathetic stimulation** - **Chronic gastritis is often associated with the following:**a. Microcytic anemiab. Hyperchlorhydriac. Steatorrhea**d. Pernicious anemia** - **Vitamin B12 absorption:****a. Depends on the presence of intrinsic factor**b. Depends on passive diffusionc. Occurs in the jejunumd. Occurs in the stomach - **The cephalic phase of gastric secretion:**a. Occurs when food reaches the stomach**b. Is controlled by the vagus nerves**c. Is not blocked by injection of atropine, an acetylcholine receptor blockerd. Constitutes about one half of the gastric juice secreted on eating - **Gastric HCl secretion:**a. Is a passive process that occurs in all parts of the stomachb. Is stimulated by somatostatin, cimetidine & pirenzepinec. Is inhibited by histamine, gastrin & acetylcholine**d. Plays a significant role in iron absorption** - **Distension of the stomach:**a. Is associated with a decrease in its peristaltic movementb. Leads to reduction of gastric juice secretion**c. Decreases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter**d. Causes an acute increase in the intragastric pressure - **Fructose is absorbed from the small intestine by:**a. Simple diffusion**b. Facilitated diffusion**c. Na⁺-dependent secondary active transportd. Hydrostatic pressure - **Vitamin C is absorbed from the small intestine by:**a. Passive diffusion**b. Na⁺-dependent secondary active transport**c. Primary active transportd. Facilitated diffusion - **Peristaltic rush is characterized by the following except:**a. They are strong peristaltic contractions**b. They occur normally**c. They occur when there is intense irritation or distention of the small intestined. They are initiated by reflexes involving the intrinsic and extrinsic nerves - **Small intestine motility is stimulated by the following except:**a. Gastrinb. Cholecystokinin**c. Secretin**d. Motilin - **Small intestine motility is inhibited by the following except:**a. Somatostatinb. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptidec. Adrenaline (Epinephrine)**d. Insulin** - **Emptying at the ileocecal region is promoted by:**a. Distension of cecumb. Distension of colon**c. Distension of stomach**d. Sympathetic reflex - **Emptying at the ileocecal region is inhibited by:**a. Gastroileal reflexb. Gastrin**c. Colonoileal reflex**d. Distension of terminal ileum - **The first portion of the stomach that food enters is the:**a. Bodyb. Antrumc. Pylorus**d. Cardia**e. Fundus - **Cholecystokinin from the intestinal wall is stimulated by the presence of:****a. Fats and protein in the duodenum**b. Acid in the stomachc. Protein in the stomachd. Fats in the stomache. Acid in the duodenum - **Which of the following hormones stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?**a. Enterokinaseb. Secretin**c. Cholecystokinin**d. Gastrin - **Which of the following hormones stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet cells?**a. Enterocrininb. Glucagonc. Secretind. Cholecystokinin**e. Gastric Inhibitory Peptide** - **During the defecation reflex, the:**a. Diaphragm is loweredb. Epiglottis is openedc. Abdominal wall relaxesd. Internal abdominal pressure decreases**e. None of the above** - **Inhibition of the myenteric plexus leads to the following:**a. Increased secretion of secretin from the duodenum**b. Decreased gut motility**c. Hyperacidity in the stomachd. Diarrhea - **The secretion of gastrin ceases:**a. When the stomach is distended by a meal**b. When the pH of the gastric content is decreased below 2**c. If the fundic mucosa is anesthetizedd. If the vagi are stimulated - **Stimulatio